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Jewish and Levantine coinage

No. Photo Description
Sidon (Phoenicia under Achaemenid rule)
Denomination: 1/16 shekel
Time: 401-365 BC, reign of Baalshillem II (Sakton)
Weight: 0.67 g
Diameter: approx. 8.1 mm
Reference: HCG 10

Obverse: Galley left, wave below.
Reverse: Witin square incuse: King or hero to right fighting a standing lion to left.
Judea, Hasmonean dynasty, Alexander Jannaeus (103–76 BC)
Denomination: AE Prutah (Lepton)
Time: 103–76 BC
Weight: 1.80 g
Diameter: approx. 15.7 mm
Reference: Hendin 469; Meshorer 8

Obverse: Seleucid anchor inside circle of dots. Legend around: BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEXANΔΡOY (of king Alexander).
Reverse: Star with rays inside wheel. Between rays legend in Paleo-Hebrew meaning "Yehonatan the King".

Comment: This is the famous biblical "widow's mite". Despite preceding the lifetime of Jesus by several generations, this type of coin was still in wide circulation at the time.
Judea under Roman rule, procuratorship of Pontius Pilate (26–36 AD)
Denomination: AE Prutah (Lepton)
Time: 30/31 AD
Weight: 2.25 g
Diameter: approx. 16.7 mm
Reference: Hendin 1343b

Obverse: Lituus (augur's staff). Legend: ΤΙΒΕΡΙΟΥ ΚΑΙϹΑΡΟϹ (Caesar Tiberius).
Reverse: Regnal year LH (18) within wreath.

Comment: Looks like a rare variant with an erronous date LH instead of LIH.
Judea, time of the First Jewish-Roman War (66–73 AD)
Denomination: AE Prutah (Lepton)
Time: 67/68 AD
Weight: 3.12 g
Diameter: approx. 18.0 mm
Reference: Hendin 661

Obverse: Amphora with two handles. Legend in Hebrew: SHENATH SHETHAIM (Year Two).
Reverse: Vine leaf on small branch. Legend in Hebrew: CHERUTH ZION (Freedom of Zion).


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